Biharamulo district is one of the seven districts comprising the Kagera region. It is situated between 2º15’ and 30.15’ South of the equator and between 31º00- 32º00 east of Standard Meridian.The district has an area of 5,627 square kilometres. The district shares boundaries with Muleba and Karagwe districts in the north and Geita and Chato districts in the east. Bukombe district adjoins it in the south whereas Kibondo and Ngara districts are on the west.
Administratively, Biharamulo District is divided into 2 divisions, 17 wards, 80 villages and 399 sub villages.
Biharamulo district is divided into two main agro-ecological zones, namely:
Southern zone: The zone comprises 166,100 Ha. Is situated between 1,100 and 1,400 meter elevation and it borders Ngara, Kibondo and Bukombe districts.
It includes the Uha sandstone area with its lower and higher plains and moderately high hill and plateau landscapes. Administratively, the zone comprises of Kalenge, Nyantakara, Kaniha, Lusahunga and Nyakahura wards. The mean annual rainfall varies from 700 mm to 850 with an average of 80 – 90 rainy days. The main production system is sorghum/beans based farming; maize and cassava are important food crops. Tobacco and cotton are also grown and livestock keeping is undertaken in this zone.
The western zone: The zone is situated between 1,250 and 1,700 m elevation, and comprises an approximately Ha.499,400 of land. Its central part made up of the hill country where Bukoba sandstone forms the subsurface. The western part is a hill and plain country with Karagwe-Ankolean phyllites and schist as the characteristic rocks.
About 90% of the population in Biharamulo district depends largely on agriculture for subsistence. Small enterprise self-employment (shops, traders, labourers) amounts 4% of the potential workforce and the remaining 1.3% are mainly employed in the public sector.
